Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhari
34. The Book of Sales (bargains)
مختصر صحيح البخاري
34/1 Chapter:
What has come in the Statement of Allâh " Then when the (Jumu'a) (prayer) is finished, you may disperse through the land, and seek the Bounty of Allâh (by working etc.), and remember Allâh much, that you may be successful (V.62:10)
باب مَا جَاءَ فِي قَول الله تعالى : (فَإِذَا قُضِيَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَانْتَشِرُوا في الأرض ... الآية)
984
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariعَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْن عَوْفٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا قَدِمْنَا المَدِينَةَ آخى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (ﷺ) بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ سَعْدِ بْنِ الربيع، فَقَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ : إِنِّي أَكْثَرُ الأَنْصَارِ مَالًا، فَأَقْسِمُ لَكَ نِصْفَ مَالِي، وَانْظُرْ أَي زَوْجَتَيَّ هَوِيتَ نَزَلْتُ لَكَ عَنْهَا ، فَإِذَا حَلَّتْ تَزَوَّجْتَهَا، قَالَ : فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمنِ: لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِي ذُلِكَ، هَلْ مِنْ سُوقٍ فِيهِ تِجَارَهُ؟ قَالَ : سُوقُ قينقاع، قَالَ : فَغَدًا إِلَيْهِ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ، فَأَتَى بِأَقِطٍ وَسَمْنٍ، ثُمَّ تَابَعَ الْعُدُو، فَمَا لَبِثَ أَنْ جَاءَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ الصُّفْرَة، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (ﷺ) : (تَزَوَّجْتَ؟). قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: (وَمَنْ؟). قَالَ: أَمْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ، قَالَ: (كَمْ سُقْتَ إِلَيْها ؟). قَالَ : زِنَةَ نَوَاةٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ، أَوْ نَوَاةٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ، فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ (ﷺ): (أَوْ لِمْ وَلَوْ بِشَاةٍ) .
Narrated Abdur bin 'Auf
"When we came to Al-Madîna as emigrants, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) established a bond of brotherhood between me and Sa'd bin Ar-Rabî '. Sa'd bin Ar-Rabî ' said (to me), 'I am the richest among the, so I will give you half of my wealth and you may look at my two wives and whichever of the two you may choose I will divorce her, and when she has completed the prescribed period (before marriage) you may marry her." "Abdur replied, "I am not in need of all that. Is there any market-place where trade is practised?" He replied, "The market of Qainuqâ, Abdur went to that market the following day and brought some dried butter-milk (yoghurt) and ghee, and then he continued going there regularly. Few days later, Abdur came having traces of yellow (scent) on his body. Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) asked him whether he had got married, he replied in the affirmative. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Whom have you married?" He replied, "A woman from the." Then the Prophet (ﷺ) asked, "How much did you pay her?" He replied, "(I gave her) a gold piece equal in weight to a date stone (or a date stone of gold) ! " The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Give a Walîma (wedding + banquet) even if with one sheep." [3:264-O.B]
34/2 Chapter:
Legal and illegal things are clearly defined, and in between them are some doubtful (unclear) things.
باب: الحَلَالُ بَيِّنُ وَالحَرَامُ بَيْن وَبَيْنَهُمَا مُشَبَّهَاتٌ
985
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariعَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُما قَالَ : قَالَ النَّبِيُّ (ﷺ): (الحَلَالُ بَيْن والحَرَامُ بَيِّنٌ، وَبَيْنَهُمَا أُمُورٌ مُشْتَبِهَةٌ ، فَمَنْ تَرَكَ مَا شُبِّهَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الإِثْمِ كَانَ لِمَا اسْتَبانَ أَتْرَكَ، وَمَنِ اجْتَرَأَ عَلَى مَا يَشُكُ فِيهِ مِنَ الإِثْمِ أَوْشَكَ أَنْ يُوَاقِعَ مَا اسْتَبَانَ، وَالمَعَاصِي حِمَى اللَّهِ، مَنْ يَرْتَعْ حَوْلَ الْحِمَى يُوشِكُ أَنْ يُوَاقِعَهُ) .
Narrated An-Nu'mân bin Bashîr
The Prophet (ﷺ) said: " Both legal and illegal things are obvious, and in between them are (unclear) doubtful matters. So whoever forsakes those doubtful (unclear) things lest he may commit a sin, will definitely avoid what is clearly illegal and whoever indulges in these (unclear) doubtful things bravely, is likely to commit what is clearly illegal. Sins are Allâh's Hima (i.e. private pasture) and whoever pastures (his sheep) near it, is likely to get in it at any moment." [1] [3:267-0.B]
Explanation & Scholarly Notes (Sharh):
[1] Man, here is compared to a shepherd; his desires, to a flock of sheep; sins, to a private pasture of somebody else; doubtful matters, to the region surrounding the pasture and indulgence in doubtful matters to pasture in that region. To pasture there will probably lead the sheep to enter the private pasture, and the shepherd would be punished for grazing his sheep near the private pasture which led to such an obvious transgression.
34/3 Chapter:
Explanation of doubtful things.
باب: تَفْسِير المُشَبَّهَاتِ
986
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ : كَانَ عُتْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ، عَهِدَ إِلَى أَخِيهِ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ : أَنَّ ابْنَ وَلِيدَةِ زَمْعَةَ مِنِّي فَأَقْبِضَهُ، قَالَتْ : فَلَمَّا كَانَ عَامُ الْفَتْحِ أَخَذَهُ سَعْدُ ابْنُ أَبِي وَقَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَقَالَ : ابْنُ أَخِي قَدْ عَهِدَ إِلَيَّ فِيهِ، فَقَامَ عَبْدُ بْنُ زَمْعَةً فَقَالَ : أَخِي وَابْنُ وَلِيدَةِ أَبِي، وُلِدَ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ، فَتَسَاوَقَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ (ﷺ) ، فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، ابْنُ أَخِي كَانَ قَدْ عَهِدَ إِلَيَّ فِيهِ. فَقَالَ عَبْدُ ابْنُ زَمْعَةَ : أَخِي وَابْنُ وَلِيدَةِ أَبِي وُلِدَ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (ﷺ) : (هُوَ لَكَ يَا عَبْدُ بْنَ زَمْعَةَ). ثُمَّ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ (ﷺ) : (الْوَلَدُ لِلْفِرَاسُ وَلِلْعَاهِرِ الحَجَرُ). ثُمَّ قَالَ لِسَوْدَةَ بِنْتِ زَمْعَةَ، زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ (ﷺ) : (أحْتَجِبِي مِنْهُ يَا سَوْدَةُ) لِمَا رَأَى مِنْ شَبَهِهِ بِعُتْبَةَ، فَمَا رَآهَا حَتَّى لَقِيَ اللَّهَ .
Narrated Āisha
Utba bin Waqqâs took a firm promise from his brother Sa'd bin Waqqâs to take the son of the slave-girl of Zam'a into his custody as he was his (i.e. ' Utba's) son. In the year of the Conquest (of Makka) Sa'd bin Waqqâs took him, and said that he was his brother's son, and his brother took a promise from him to that effect. ' Abd bin Zam'a got up and said, "He is my brother and the son of my father's slave-girl and was born on my father's bed." Then they both went to the Prophet (ﷺ) Sa'd said, "O Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ)! He is the son of my brother and he has taken a promise from me that I will take him." Abd bin Zam'a said, "(He is) my brother and the son of my father's slave-girl and was born on my father's bed." Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The boy is for you. O Abd bin Zam'a." Then the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The son is for the bed (i.e. the man on whose bed he was born) and stones (despair, i.e. to be stoned to death) for the one who has done illegal sexual intercourse." The Prophet (ﷺ) told his wife Sauda bint Zam'a to screen herself from that boy as he noticed a similarity between the boy and ' Utba. So, the boy did not see her till he died. [3:269-O.B]
34/4 Chapter:
Whoever does not consider dark suggestions by one's ownself or similar things as doubtful (unclear) things.
باب: مَنْ لَمْ يَرَ الوَسَاوِسَ وَنَحوَهَا مِنَ المُشَبَّهَات
987
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariوعَنْهَا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ : إِنَّ قَوْمًا قَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِنَّ قَوْمًا يَأْتُونَنَا بِاللَّحْمِ لَا نَدْرِي : أَذَكَرُوا اسْمَ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ أَمْ لَا؟ . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (ﷺ) : (سَمُّوا اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ وَكُلُوهُ) .
Narrated Ãisha
Some people said, "O Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ)! Meat is brought to us by some people and we are not sure whether the Name of Allah has been mentioned on it or not (at the time of slaughtering the animals)." Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) said (to them), "Mention the Name of Allâh and eat it." [3:273-0.B]