Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhari
52. The Book of Wasaya (Wills and Testaments)
مختصر صحيح البخاري
52/1 Chapter:
AI-Wasâya (The wills and testaments).
باب: الْوَصَايَا
1194
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا : أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ (ﷺ) قَالَ: (مَا حَقُّ أمْرِى، مُسْلِمٍ، لَهُ شَيْءٌ يُوصِي فِيهِ، يَبِيتُ لَيْلَتَيْنِ إِلا وَوَصِيَّتُهُ مَكْتُوبَةٌ عِنْدَهُ) .
Narrated 'Abdullâh bin 'Umar
Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "It is not permissible for any Muslim who has something to will, to stay for two nights without having his last will and testament written and kept ready with him." [4:1-O.B]
1195
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ الحَارِثِ، رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، خَتَنِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (ﷺ) أَخِي جُوَيْرِيَةَ بِنْتِ الحَارِثِ، قَالَ: مَا تَرَكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (ﷺ) عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ دِرْهَما ، وَلَا دِينَارًا ، وَلاَ عَبْدًا، وَلاَ أَمَةٌ، وَلاَ شَيْئًا، إلا بَغْلَتَهُ البَيْضَاءَ، وَسِلَاحَهُ، وَأَرْضًا جَعَلَهَا صَدَقَةٌ .
Narrated 'Amr bin Al-Harith
Narrated 'Amr bin Al-Harith, the brother of the wife of Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) Juwairîya bint Al-Hârith: When Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) died, he did not leave any Dirham or Dinâr (i.e. money), or a slave or a slave-woman or anything else except his white mule, his arms and a piece of land which he had given in charity. [4:2-O.B]
1196
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ : هَلْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ (ﷺ) أَوْطى؟ فَقَالَ : لا ، فَقِيلٌ : كَيْفَ كُتِبَ عَلَى النَّاسِ الْوَصِيَّةُ، أَوْ أُمِرُوا بِالْوَصِيَّةِ؟ قَالَ : أَوْصَى بِكِتَابِ الله.
Narrated Talha bin Musarrif
I asked 'Abdullâh bin Aufa, "Did the Prophet (ﷺ) make a will?" He replied, "No, "I asked him, "How is it then that the making of a will has been enjoined on people, (or that they are ordered to make a will)?" He replied, "The Prophet (ﷺ) bequeathed Allâh's Book (i.e. the Qur'ân)." [4:3-0O.B]
52/2 Chapter:
Giving in charity at the time of death.
باب: الصَّدَقَة عِنْدَ المَوْت
1197
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : رَجُلٌ لِلنَّبِيِّ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أيُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ : أَنْ تَصَدَّقَ وَأَنْتَ صَحِيحٌ حَرِيصٌ، تَأْمُلُ الْغِنَى، وَتَخْشَى الْفَقْرَ، وَلَا تُمْهِلْ، حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَتِ الحُلْقُومَ، قُلْتَ: لِفُلاَنٍ كَذَا، وَلِفُلان كَذَا، وَقَدْ كَانَ لِفُلان).
Narrated Abu Huraira
A man asked the Prophet (ﷺ) " O Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ)! What kind of charity is the best?" He replied." To give in charity when you are healthy and greedy, hoping to be wealthy and afraid of becoming poor. Don't delay giving in charity till the time comes when you are on the death-bed when you say, 'Give so much to so-and-so and so much to so-and-so, 'and at that time the property is not yours but it belongs to so-and-so (i.e. your inheritors)." [4:11-O.B]
52/3 Chapter:
Are children and women included under the term of relatives (concerning wills) ?
باب: هَلْ يَدْخُلُ النِّسَاءُ وَالوَلَدُ في الأقارب؟
1198
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariوعَنْهُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : قَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (ﷺ) حِينَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: وَأَنْذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الأَقْرَبِينَ . قَالَ : (يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ - أَوْ كَلِمَةً نَحْوَهَا - اَشْتَرُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ لا أُغْنِي عَنْكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا، يَا بَنِي عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ لَا أُغْنِي عَنْكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا، يَا عَبَّاسُ بْنَ عَبْدِ المُطَّلِبِ لَا أُغْنِي عَنْكَ مِنَ اللهِ شَيْئًا، وَيَا صَفِيَّةُ عَمَّةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ لا أُغْنِي عَنْكِ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا، وَيَا فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ، سَلِينِي مَا شِئْتِ مِنْ مالي، لا أُغْنِي عَنْكِ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا) .
Narrated Abu Huraira
When Allâh revealed the Verse (26:214): " And warn your tribe (O Muḥammad) of near kindred, "Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) got up and said, O Quraish people (or said similar words) ! Buy (i.e. save) yourselves (from the Hell-fire) as I cannot save you from Allâh's punishment; O Banî Abd Manâf ! I cannot save you from Allâh's punishment; O 'Abbâs bin ' Abdul Muttalib ! I cannot save you from Allâh's punishment; O, the aunt of Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ)! I cannot save you from Allâh's punishment; O bint Muhammad (ﷺ)! Ask me anything from my wealth, but I cannot save you from Allâh's punishment." [1] [4:16-O.B]
Explanation & Scholarly Notes (Sharh):
[1] Every person should try to protect himself from Allah's punishment by doing good deeds and by showing obedience to Allah and Allah's Messenger's (ﷺ) orders. Nobody can do him any good in this respect no matter how close a relative he may be.
52/4 Chapter:
The Statement of: Try orphans (as regards their intelligence) until they reach the age of marriage ; if then you find sound judgement in them, release their property to them." (V.4:6)
باب قَوْلِ الله تَعَالَى : (وابتلوا اليتامى حتى إذا بلغوا النِّكَاحَ فإن آنستم منهم رُشْداً فادفعوا إليهم أموالهم)
1199
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariعَن ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا : أَنَّ أَباه تَصَدَّقَ بِمَالٍ لَهُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ، وَكَانَ يُقَالُ لَهُ تَمْعُ، وَكَانَ نَخْلا ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي أَسْتَقَدْتُ مَالًا، وَهُوَ عِنْدِي نَفِيسٌ، فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَتَصَدَّقَ بِهِ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ (ﷺ): (تَصَدَّقْ بِأَصْلِهِ، لاَ يُبَاعُ وَلَا يُوهَبُ وَلَا يُورَثُ، وَلكِنْ يُنْفَقُ ثَمَرُهُ) . فَتَصَدَّقَ بِهِ عُمَرُ ، فَصَدَقَتَهُ ذُلِكَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، وَفِي الرِّقابِ، وَالمَسَاكِينِ، وَالضَّيْفِ، وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ، وَلِذِي الْقُرْبَى، وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَى مَنْ وَلِيَهُ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْهُ بِالمَعْرُوفِ، أَوْ يُؤْكِلَ صَدِيقَهُ غَيْرَ مُتَمَوِّلٍ بِهِ .
Narrated Ibn 'Umâr
In the lifetime of Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) 'Umar gave in charity some of his property, a garden of date-palms called Thamgh. 'Umar said, "O Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ)! I have some property which I prize highly and I want to give it in charity." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Give it in charity (i.e. as an endowment) with its land and trees on the condition that the land and trees will neither be sold nor given as a present, nor bequeathed, but the fruits are to be spent in charity." So 'Umar gave it in charity, and it was for Allâh's Cause, the emancipation of slaves, for the poor, for guests, for travellers, and for kinsmen. The person acting as its administrator could eat from it reasonably and fairly, and could let a friend of his eat from it provided he had no intention of becoming wealthy by its means. [4:26-0.B]
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