Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhari
38. The Book of Al-Hawalat [the Transference of a Debt from One Person to Another. it Is an Agreement Whereby a Debtor Is Released from a Debt by Another Becoming Responsible for It].
مختصر صحيح البخاري
38/1 Chapter:
If the debts due on a person are transferred to a rich (debtor), the is irrevocable.
باب: إِذَا أَحالَ عَلَى مَلِيءٍ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ رَدُّ
1060
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ : أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ (ﷺ) قَالَ: (مَظْلُ الْغَنِيُّ ظُلْمٌ، وَإِذَا أُتْبَعَ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى مَلِيٍّ فَلْيَتْبَعْ).
Narrated Abu Huraira
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Procrastination (delay) in paying debts by a wealthy person is injustice. So, if your debt is transferred from your debtor to a rich debtor, you should agree. [1] [3:486-O.B]
Explanation & Scholarly Notes (Sharh):
[1] As the postponement of paying debts by a rich person is injustice, one should accept Hawâla upon that man, for one may be better able to collect the debt from the rich man than the transferor. Thus, by accepting the Hawála one helps the rich man to avoid injustice. (Fath Al-Bari, Vol. 5, Pages 271-2).
38/2 Chapter:
If the debts due on a dead person are transferred to some- body, the transference is legal and valid.
باب: إِذَا أَحالَ دَيْنَ المَيِّتِ عَلَى رَجُلٍ جَازَ
1061
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariعَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : كُنَّا جُلُوسًا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ (ﷺ) إِذْ أُتِيَ بِجَنَازَةٍ، فَقَالُوا : صَلِّ عَلَيْهَا، فَقَالَ: ( هَلْ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنُ؟ قَالُوا : لا ، قَالَ: (فَهَلْ تَرَكَ شَيْئًا). قَالُوا : لا ، فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِجَنَازَةٍ أُخْرَى، فَقَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، صَلِّ عَلَيْهَا ، قَالَ : هَلْ عَلَيْهِ دَيْن؟ قِيلَ : نَعَمْ، قَالَ: فَهَلْ تَرَكَ شَيْئًا ؟ قَالُوا : ثَلَاثَةَ دَنَانِيرَ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِالثَّالِثَةِ، فَقَالُوا : صَلِّ عَلَيْهَا، قَالَ: (هَلْ تَرَكَ شَيْئًا؟). قَالُوا : لا ، قال : (فَهَلْ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ؟). قَالُوا ثَلَاثَهُ دَنَانِير، قالَ: (صَلُّوا عَلَى صَاحِبِكُمْ). قالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ : صَلِّ عَلَيْهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَعَلَيَّ دَيْنُهُ، فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ.
Narrated Salama bin Al-Akwa
'Once, while we were sitting in the company of the Prophet (ﷺ) ' a dead person was brought. The Prophet (ﷺ) was requested to lead the funeral (prayer) for the deceased. He said, "Is he in debt?" The people replied in the negative. He said, "Has he left any wealth?" They said, "No." So, he led his funeral prayer. Another dead person was brought and the people said, ": 0 Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ)! Lead his funeral (prayer)." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Is he in debt?" They said, "Yes." He said, "Has he left any wealth?" They said, "Three Dinârs." So, he led the prayer. Then a third dead person was brought and the people said (to the Prophet ﷺ), "Please lead his funeral prayer." " He said, "Has he left any wealth?" They said, "No." He asked, "Is he in debt?" They said, "(Yes ! He has to pay) three Dinârs. He (refused to pray and) said, Then offer Salât (prayer) for your (dead) companion." Qatâda said, O Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ)! Lead his funeral prayer, and I will pay his debt." So, he led the Salât (prayer). [3:488 (A)-O.B]
38/3 Chapter:
The Statement of Allâh "To those also, with whom you have made a pledge (brotherhood) give them their due portion by Wasiya (wills etc.)." (V.4:33)
باب قَوْل الله : ﴿وَالَّذِينَ عقَدَت أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ )
1062
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariعَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ الله عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ قيلَ لَهُ : أَبَلَغَكَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ (ﷺ) قَالَ : (لاَ حِلْفَ فِي الإِسْلامِ). فَقَالَ: قَدْ حَالَفَ النَّبِيُّ (ﷺ) بَيْنَ قُرَيْشٍ وَالْأَنْصَارِ فِي دَارِي .
Narrated Anas bin Mâlik
It was asked to him, "Have you been conveyed (or ever heard) that the Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'There is no alliance in Islâm? ' He replied, "The Prophet (ﷺ) made alliance between Quraish and the in my house." [3:491-O.B]
38/4 Chapter:
He who undertakes to repay the debts of a dead person has not the right to change his mind.
باب: مَنْ تَكَفَّلَ عَنْ مَيِّتٍ دَيْناً فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ
1063
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariعَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ : قَالَ النَّبِيُّ (ﷺ): (لَوْ قَدْ جَاءَ مَالُ الْبَحْرَيْنِ قَدْ أَعْطَيْتُكَ هَكَذَا وَهُكَذَا فَلَمْ يَجِي مالُ الْبَحْرَيْنِ حَتَّى قبِضَ النَّبِيُّ (ﷺ) ، فَلَمَّا جَاءَ مَالُ الْبَحْرَيْنِ أمر أبو بَكْرٍ فَنَادَى : مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ (ﷺ) عِدَةٌ، أَوْ دَيْنٌ فَلْيَأْتِنَا ، فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ : إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ (ﷺ) قَالَ لِي كَذَا وَكَذَا، فَحَثَى لِي حَنْيَةٌ، وَقَالَ : عُدَّها فَعَدَدْتُهَا ، فَإِذَا هِيَ خَمْسُمِائَةٍ وَقَالَ : خُذْ مِثْلَيْهَا .
Narrated Jâbir bin 'Abdullâh
Once the Prophet (ﷺ) said (to me), "If the money of Bahrain comes, I will give you so much and so much (a certain amount from it)." The Prophet (ﷺ) had breathed his last before the money of Bahrain arrived. When the money of Bahrain reached, Bakr announced, "Whoever was promised by the Prophet (ﷺ) should come to us. I went to Abu Bakr and said, The Prophet (ﷺ) promised me so- and-so." Abu Bakr gave me a handful of coins and asked me to count it. When I counted them, they were five hundred in number. Bakr then said, "Take twice the amount you have taken (besides)." [3:493-O.B]
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