Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhari
9. The Book of the Times of As-Salat (The Prayers)
مختصر صحيح البخاري
9/1 Chapter:
The times of-(the prayers) and the superiority of offering Salât (prayers) in time.
باب مَوَاقِيتِ الصَّلاةِ وَفَضلها
325
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariعَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الْأَنْصَارِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ : أَنَّهُ دَخَلَ عَلَى الْمُغِيرَة بن شُعْبَةَ وقد أَخَّرَ الصَّلاَةَ يَوْمًا ، وَهُوَ بِالْعِرَاقِ، فَقَالَ: مَا هُذَا يَا مُغِيرَةُ، أَلَيْسَ قَدْ عَلِمْتَ : أَنَّ جِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ نَزَلَ فَصَلَّى، فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى، فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ الله ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى، فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى، فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (ﷺ) ثُمَّ صَلَّى، فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : (بهذَا أُمِرْتُ).
Narrated Ibn Mas'ûd Al-Ansari
Once in Iraq, Al-Mughîra bin Shu'ba delayed his-(the prayers) and I went to him and said, O Mughîra ! What is this? Don't you know that once Jibrael (Gabriel) came and offered the Salât (prayer) (Fajr prayer) and Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) offered the Salât (prayer) too, then he offered the Salât (prayer) again (Zuhr prayer) and so did Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) and again he offered the Salât (prayer) (prayer) and Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) did the same; again he offered the (prayer) (Maghrib prayer) and so did Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) and again offered the (prayer) (Ishâ ' prayer) and so did Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) and [Jibrael (Gabriel) said, 'I was ordered to do so [to demonstrate the (prayers) prescribed to you]? ' [1:500 (A)-O.B.]
9/2 Chapter:
As-Salat (the prayer) is expiation (of sins).
باب: الصَّلَاةُ كَفَّارَةٌ
326
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariعَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : كُنَّا جُلُوسًا عِنْدَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : فَقَالَ : أَيُّكُمْ يَحْفَظُ قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (ﷺ) في الْفِتْنَةِ قُلْتُ : أَنَا ، كَمَا قَالَهُ، قَالَ : إِنَّكَ عَلَيْهِ - أَوْ عَلَيْهَا - لَجَرِّيءٌ، قُلْتُ : فِتْنَةُ الرَّجُلِ فِي أَهْلِهِ وَمَالِهِ وَوَلَدِهِ وَجَارِهِ، تُكَفِّرُهَا الصَّلَاةُ وَالصَّوْمُ وَالصَّدَقَةُ وَالأَمْرُ وَالنَّهْيُّ، قَالَ: لَيْسَ هذا أريدُ، وَلكِن الْفِتْنَةُ الَّتِي تَمُوجُ كَمَا يَمُوجُ الْبَحْرُ، قَالَ: لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ مِنْهَا بأس يا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، إِنَّ بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَها بَابًا مُغْلَقًا، قَالَ : أَيُكْسَرُ أَمْ يُفْتَحُ؟ قَالَ: يُكْسَرُ، قَالَ : إِذًا لَا يُغْلَقَ أَبَدًا، قيل لحُذَيْفَةَ : أَكَانَ عُمَرُ يَعْلَمُ الْبَابَ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ، كَمَا أَنَّ دُونَ الْغَدِ اللَّيْلَةَ، إِنِّي حَدَّثْتُهُ بِحَدِيثٍ لَيْسَ بِالأَغَالِيطِ . فَسُئِلَ: مَنِ الْبَابُ؟ فَقَالَ : عُمَرُ .
Narrated Hudhaifa
Once we were sitting with 'Umar and he said, "Who amongst you remembers the statement of Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) about the Al-Fitnah (trial or affliction etc.)?" I said, "I know it as the Prophet (ﷺ) had said it." 'Umar said, "No doubt you are bold." I said, "The Al-Fitnah (trial or afflictions etc.) caused for a man by his wife, money, children and neighbour is expiated by his As-Salât (the prayers),-Şaum (the fasts), charity and by enjoining Al-Ma'ruf (Islâmic Monotheism and all that Allâh has ordained) and forbidding Al-Munkar (disbelief, polytheism, and all that Allâh has forbidden)." 'Umar said, "I did not mean that but I asked about that Al-Fitnah (trial or affliction etc.) which will spread like the waves of the sea." I (Hudhaifa) said, O leader of the faithful believers ! You need not be afraid of it as there is a closed door between you and it. 'Umar asked, "Will the door be broken or opened?" I replied, "It will be broken." 'Umar said, "Then it will never be closed again." I was asked whether 'Umar knew that door. I replied that he knew it as one knows that there will be night before the tomorrow morning. I have narrated a that was free from any mis-statement." (The subnarrator added that they deputed Masrûq to ask Hudhaifa) about the door. Hudhaifa said, "The door was 'Umar himself." [1:503-O.B.]
327
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariعَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ : أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَصَابَ مِنَ امْرَأَةٍ قُبْلَةٌ، فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ (ﷺ) فَأَخْبَرَهُ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ : أَقِمِ الصَّلاةَ طَرَفَي النَّهَارِ وَزُلَفًا مِنَ اللَّيْلِ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَاتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّيِّئَاتِ. فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَلِى هَذَا؟ قَالَ : (لِجَمِيع أُمَّتِي كُلِّهِمْ).
Narrated Ibn Mas'ûd
A man kissed a woman (unlawfully) and then went to the Prophet (ﷺ) and informed him. So Allâh revealed: " And perform Iqâmat-As-Salat [1], at the two ends of the day and in some hours of the night [i.e. the five compulsory (prayers)]. Verily, the good deeds remove the evil deeds (i.e. small sins) " (V.11:114). The man asked Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) " Is this ' instruction for me only?" He said, "It is for all those of my followers (who encounter a similar situation)." [1:504-O.B.]
Explanation & Scholarly Notes (Sharh):
[1] The performance of Salát (prayers). This is not understood by many Muslims. It means: (A) Each and every Muslim, male or female, is obliged to offer his Salát (prayers) regularly five times a day at the specified times; the male in the mosque in congregation and the female at home. As the Prophet (ﷺ) has said: ""Order your children for Salát (prayers) at the age of seven and beat them (about it) at the age of ten"". The chief (of a family, town, tribe, etc.) and the Muslim ruler of a country are held responsible before Allah in case of nonfulfilment of this obligation by the Muslims under his authority.
(B) To offer the Salát (prayers) in a way just as Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). offered it with all its rules and regulations, i.e. standing, bowing, prostrating, sitting etc. as he (ﷺ) has said: ""Offer your Salát (prayers) the way you see me offering them."" Please see Ahadith Nos. 702, 703, 704, 723, 786, 787,Vol. 1,SahIh Al-Bukhári for the Prophet's way of offering Salát (prayer), in the Book of Characteristics of the Salát (prayer) and that the Salát (prayer) begins with TakbIr (Alldhu-Akbar) with the recitation of Surat Al-Fâtiha etc. along with its various postures, standing, bowing, prostrations, sitting etc. and it ends with TaslIm.
(B) To offer the Salát (prayers) in a way just as Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). offered it with all its rules and regulations, i.e. standing, bowing, prostrating, sitting etc. as he (ﷺ) has said: ""Offer your Salát (prayers) the way you see me offering them."" Please see Ahadith Nos. 702, 703, 704, 723, 786, 787,Vol. 1,SahIh Al-Bukhári for the Prophet's way of offering Salát (prayer), in the Book of Characteristics of the Salát (prayer) and that the Salát (prayer) begins with TakbIr (Alldhu-Akbar) with the recitation of Surat Al-Fâtiha etc. along with its various postures, standing, bowing, prostrations, sitting etc. and it ends with TaslIm.
328
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariوَعَنْهُ في رواية: (لِمَنْ عَمِلَ بِهَا مِنْ أُمَّتِي).
Abdullâh bin Mas'ud
In another narration 'Abdullâh bin Mas'ud said: "It is for all those of my followers who committed the above mentioned sin (unlawful kissing) ". [1:504-O.B.]
9/3 Chapter:
Superiority of offering As-Salât (the prayers) at the stated times.
باب فَضْل الصَّلَاةِ لِوَقْتِهَا
329
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariوعَنْهُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ : أَيُّ الْعَمَل أَحَبُّ إِلَى اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: (الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى وَقْتِهَا). قَالَ: ثُمَّ أَيُّ؟ قَالَ : (بِرُّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ). قَالَ : ثُمَّ أَيُّ؟ قَالَ: (الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ) . قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي بِهِنَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ، وَلَوِ اسْتَرَدْتُهُ لَزَادَنِي .
Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud
I asked the Prophet (ﷺ) " Which deed is the dearest to Allâh?" He replied, "To offer As-Salât (the prayers) at their early stated fixed times." I asked, "What is the next (in goodness)?" He replied, "To be good and dutiful to your parents." I again asked, "What is the next (in goodness)?" He replied, "To participate in Jihâd (religious fighting) in Allâh's Cause." ('Abdullâh) added, "These were told by the Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) and if I had asked more, he would have told me more. [1:505-O.B.]
9/4 Chapter:
The five Salât (prayers) are expiations (of sins).
باب: الصَّلَوَاتُ الْخَمْسُ كَفَّارَةً
330
Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhariعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ : أنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ (ﷺ) يَقُولُ: (أَرَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ أَنَّ نَهَرًا بِبَابِ أَحَدِكُمْ، يَغْتَسِلُ فِيهِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ خَمْسًا، مَا تَقُولُ : ذُلِكَ يُبْقِي مِنْ دَرَنِهِ؟) . قَالُوا : لَا يُبْقِي مِنْ دَرَنِهِ شَيْئًا ، قَالَ : (فَذلِكَ مَثَلُ الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسِ، يَمْحُو اللَّهُ بِهَا الْخَطَايَا ) .
Narrated Abu Huraira
I heard Prophet (ﷺ) saying, "If there was a river at the door of anyone of you and he took a bath in it five times a day, would you notice any dirt on him?" They said, "Not a trace of dirt would be left." The Prophet (ﷺ) added, "That is the example of the five Salât (prayers) with which Allâh blots out (annuls) evil deeds." [1:506-O.B.]